Emma Rafaelof is a Director of Global Policy focusing on Greater China, trade policy, and export controls. Before SIA, Emma was a Research Analyst at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory supporting projects for the U.S. Department of State and the U.S. Department of Energy. Previously, she served as a Policy Analyst at the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, reviewing CFIUS and Team Telecom cases, as well as at the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, where she researched trade and technology policy. Emma also previously focused on Asia, technical standards, and trade policy at the Information Technology Industry Council. As of 2025, Emma is a nonresident fellow at the National Bureau of Asian Research.

Emma holds a B.A. in English, Chinese, and Asian Studies from the University of Colorado at Boulder and an M.A. in Asian Studies from the George Washington University.